How do you handle API rate limiting and API access control in backend systems?
In backend systems, API rate limiting and API access control are crucial to ensure the security, stability, and performance of the system. Rate limiting helps prevent abuse and protects the server from being overwhelmed by limiting the number of API requests a client can make within a given time frame. API access control, on the other hand, involves authentication and authorization mechanisms to ensure that only authorized users or applications can access the APIs. This can be done through various methods, such as API keys, OAuth, or JWT tokens. Additionally, implementing caching mechanisms and monitoring tools can help optimize API performance and provide insights into API usage patterns.