How do you ensure the scalability and performance of web applications under high load?
To ensure scalability and performance of web applications under high load, we employ various techniques such as horizontal scaling, load balancing, caching, and performance monitoring. Horizontal scaling involves adding more servers to distribute the load, while load balancing ensures that requests are evenly distributed across these servers. Caching is utilized to store frequently accessed data in order to reduce database queries. Additionally, we continuously monitor the performance of the application using various tools and technologies to identify and address any bottlenecks or performance issues.